Managing environment variables is crucial in every FastAPI application. The .env file is a useful tool for separating the configuration from the source code. In this guide, we will learn how to use .env file in FastAPI to manage environment variables.
Installation of Dependencies
First of all, you need to install the python-dotenv library to work with .env files in FastAPI:
pip install python-dotenvCreation of the.env file
Create a file called .env in the root directory of your FastAPI project. In this file, enter the environment variables you want to use:
DB_URL=postgresql://username:password@localhost:5432/mydatabase
SECRET_KEY=mysecretkey
DEBUG=TrueReading the.env File in FastAPI
In FastAPI, you can use the BaseSettings class from pydantic to read environment variables from the .env file. Here's how to do it:
from pydantic import BaseSettings
class Settings(BaseSettings):
db_url: str
secret_key: str
debug: bool
class Config:
env_file = ".env"
settings = Settings()
# Ora puoi accedere alle variabili d'ambiente come attributi dell'oggetto settings:
db_url = settings.db_url
secret_key = settings.secret_key
debug = settings.debug
Conclusion
In this tutorial, we explored how to manage environment variables in FastAPI using the .env file. By following these steps, you will be able to separate configuration from source code, making your application more secure and easier to manage.
