Introduction
In Linux, efficient folder management is essential to organize and manage files in a structured way. One of the most basic yet essential tools for this purpose is the mkdir command. This tutorial will guide you through the essential steps to use mkdir to create new folders. You will learn how to configure and use mkdir effectively, with practical examples and code snippets.
What is mkdir ?
mkdir is a Linux utility command that allows you to create new folders (directories) on your system. Unlike other tools, mkdir is known for its simplicity and its ability to handle the creation of single or multiple folders. This makes it ideal for basic tasks such as creating directory structures for projects, backups, or archives.
Basic usage of mkdir
The mkdir command has a relatively simple syntax. Here is a basic example of creating a new directory:
mkdir nome_della_cartella
Practical example: creating a folder
Let's say we want to create a new folder called Progetto in the current folder. Here's how to do it:
mkdir Progetto
Create folders in different paths
You can also use mkdir to create folders in different paths by specifying the full path to the folder.
Practical example: creating a folder in a different path
Let's say we want to create a new folder called Backup in the /home/utente/Documenti folder. Here's how to do it:
mkdir /home/utente/Documenti/Backup
Create multiple folders at once
mkdir also allows you to create multiple folders at once by specifying folder names separated by spaces.
Practical Example: Creating Multiple Folders at Once
Let's say we want to create three folders called Cartella1, Cartella2, and Cartella3. Here's how to do it:
mkdir Cartella1 Cartella2 Cartella3
Creating folders with recursive structure
If you want to create a recursive folder structure, you can use the -p (parents) option. This option automatically creates all the necessary intermediate folders.
Practical Example: creating a recursive folder structure
Let's say we want to create a folder structure that includes Progetti/Lavoro/2023. Here's how to do it:
mkdir -p Progetti/Lavoro/2023
Creating folders with explicit permissions
You can also specify permissions for new folders using the -m (mode) option. This option allows you to set permissions in octal format.
Practical example: creating a folder with explicit permissions
Suppose we want to create a new folder called Sicurezza with read, write, and execute permissions for the owner, and read and execute only for the group and others. Here's how to do it:
mkdir -m 755 Sicurezza
Conclusion
mkdir is an essential tool for anyone working with files and folders on Linux. Due to its simplicity and versatility, mkdir has become a standard for creating new folders. By following this tutorial, you should be able to use mkdir to handle your folder creation needs effectively and safely.
Always remember to test commands in a safe environment before applying them in production, and to be careful about paths and options used to avoid creating unwanted folders. With mkdir, managing your folders becomes a simple and reliable operation.
